ANGIOCARDIOGRAPHY—contrast visualization of the heart and great vessels — was first made a practical procedure by Robb and Steinberg 1 in 1938. In subsequent reports these authors have described in ...

A patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a persistent connection between the aorta and the pulmonary artery resulting in left to right shunting. This connection is supposed to close shortly after birth, ...

SHOULD closure of a patent ductus arteriosus with reversal of flow be attempted? If so, how can the high surgical mortality hitherto reported 1–3 be reduced? An attempt is made to answer these ...

The use of serial echocardiography has dramatically enhanced the understanding of the natural history of the PDA, and it is clear that, in most situations, the diameter or degree of constriction of ...

Cite this: Current Controversies in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants - Medscape - Aug 01, 2003. The DA of a very preterm infant has minimal constriction in ...