Some 500,000 years ago, the earth cracked open at what is today near the border of Oregon and California, spewing out lava that covered the landscape and scorched all that lay in its path. What we ...
There is far more to Northern California’s Lava Beds National Monument than its remarkable geological formations and lava tubes. For example, it is the site of the Modoc War, the only Indian war in ...
One of the things that makes Lava Beds National Monument so special is that it is one of the longest continuously occupied homelands in North America. Ancestors of today’s Modoc people resided in the ...
A rugged volcanic landscape was once the site of a dramatic standoff between the Modoc tribe and the U.S. Army In 1872, some 150 members of the Modoc tribe took refuge in arid and unforgiving terrain ...
It was the only major Native American war fought in California and it gripped the nation’s attention almost 150 years ago as a band of warriors held off a much larger force of the U.S. Army in a harsh ...
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New York Times subscribers* enjoy full access to TimesMachine—view over 150 years of New York Times journalism, as it originally appeared. *Does not include Games-only or Cooking-only subscribers.
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